Thursday, January 31, 2013

People Skills: Eight Essential People Skills

Being able to communicate effectively with others requires people skills, and here's eight essential ones:

1. Understanding people

People not only come in all shapes and sizes, but they come with different personality types as well. You may want to brush up on how to communicate with the four main personality types by reading this article. Indeed, dedicated students of communication could do little better than purchase Bem Allen's excellent introduction to personality types, 'Personality Theories'.

People Skills: Eight Essential People Skills

People are individuals, with as many similarities from one person to the next as differences. To communicate most effectively, each will require you to communicate with them in their own individual preference style, using their language, their body gestures, and their pace and intonation.

So how do you find out how best to communicate with someone? Spend time with them! Don't expect to meet someone off the street and talk intimately with them within a minute. Understanding a subject takes time -- whether that subject is an academic one or another human being.

2. Expressing your thoughts and feelings clearly

Our brains can only take so much information in at any one time. We are bombarded with messages every second of the day, so to compete with the barrage of 'noise' a person faces, your message needs to be clear, succinct and to the point.

It is very worthwhile taking time to plan your communication -- no matter by what method it is delivered -- to ensure that you are taking the least amount of time to express the right level of thought in the most receptively simple manner.

3. Speaking up when your needs are not being met

Just as important in business relationships as in domestic ones, speaking up to ensure that your needs are met is a fundamental part of any relationship.

You may wish to read this article on assertive, not aggressive, communication, but in a nutshell there are six different ways you can be assertive and not aggressive in your communication: by rehearsing your behaviour prior to the communication; by repeating your communication (the 'broken record' technique); fogging; asking for negative feedback; tentative agreement with negative feedback; and creating a workable compromise.

Assertiveness is a useful communication tool. It's application is contextual and it's not appropriate to be assertive in all situations. Remember, your sudden use of assertiveness may be perceived as an act of aggression by others.

4. Asking for feedback from others and giving quality feedback in return

Alongside assertiveness techniques, the giving and receiving of feedback is a key communication skill that must be learnt if you want to have any hope of developing long-term business relationships..

Toastmasters International teach a useful feedback and critical review technique -- first give a sincere compliment, follow this with any practical suggestions for improvement, then wrap up with further sincere praise. It is known as 'CRC', or 'Commend, Recommend, Commend', a three-step model for excellence in giving quality feedback.

Remember, too, that truthfulness is a subjective view. What you may find distasteful in someone may be equally desirable from another's point of view. As I learnt, by living through a series of IRA atrocities in England and watching the US political and media reactions, one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter.

5. Influencing how others think and act

We all have the opportunity to influence how others think and act. All the way from Cialdini's Persuasion principles down to simple violence (of a verbal or physical nature), we are daily able to shape the thoughts and actions of those around us.

From something as simple as smiling and saying, "Hello!" as a way of influencing someone's mood, to leading by example during an intense period of change, there are many ways of either leading to or drawing out of others required behaviours and attitudes.

Remember that an attitude leads to an emotion, which in turn leads to an action. Shape the attitudes and you have a more reliable way of predicting actions.

6. Bringing conflicts to the surface and getting them resolved

I confess: I'm not a 'natural' at handling conflict. It's taken marrying into an existing family of three children to help this only child come to terms with conflict.

It's taken me three years of living in my family to realise it's possible to co-exist in conflict and not get personally involved. But it wasn't an easy lesson to learn, I can tell you!

But being a step-father to teenage children has helped me learn the importance of bringing conflicts and resentments to the surface where they can be more easily managed.

Your employees might be harbouring secret resentments of you, and unless you find out what they are, bring these 'dark secrets' out into the light of day, you are never going to be able to successfully deal with them.

It's embarrassing, potentially humiliating and requires a strong level of patience not to launch straight into a defensive mode, but giving people the opportunity to express their concerns, disappointments and anger, face-to-face, gives you tremendous opportunity to put things right, or help them see where their thoughts and feelings are misplaced.

7. Collaborating with others instead of doing things by yourself

I'm a shocker at this, but learning to delegate and share has been instrumental in growing my own business.

The quickest way of burying yourself in excess detail and workload is to try and do everything yourself. Yet sharing the workload can be the smartest thing you will ever do. Here's why:

'Leverage'.

Leverage is taking your skills and abilities and allowing others to magnify your work capacity. You train them to do what you do and you do something else.

One bricklayer can only lay a certain number of bricks in an hour, but that same bricklayer can train 15 mates to lay bricks and suddenly those 15 bricklayers are building monuments while the first bricklayer is out securing more work for them.

While the 15 are laying bricks, the original bricklayer can be learning how to perform advanced bricklaying, or learn sales strategies, or learn supervision skills.

The lesson is simple: try and do it all yourself and the 'all' will bury you; teach others to do what you do and you build a monument.

Jesus taught 11 men how to do what he did. Then he left them to carry on while he moved on to other things. From the simple act of one man teaching 11 others, a church and the largest, most influential religious movement the world has ever known was born.

8. Shifting gears when relationships are unproductive

Sometimes you need to walk away. Sometimes you need to jettison unhealthy cargo. And sometimes you need to take drastic steps to regain balance and momentum.

'Shifting gears' can be as simple as changing the venue of your supervision meeting from a dark office to a nearby cafe. Sometimes it can be moving the meeting from straight after lunch to first thing next morning, when clearer heads might prevail.

Sometimes it can mean increasing the level of assertiveness in order to ensure the point you are making is being received. Sometimes it might mean bringing others into the meeting so that the other person understands the implications of their attitudes or actions.

And sometimes it can mean helping them find a more meaningful and satisfying role outside of your sphere of influence.

As a management psychologist I clearly remember one organisation I consulted to: the only way out of a staff impasse was to remove the impediments to progress. Which meant helping key protagonists find new work outside of the organisation. Sometimes culture change can only be effected in a quick way by bringing in an entire new team and throwing away the dead wood. But only as a last resort.

Conclusion

The whole idea of being people skilled is knowing or finding how to bring out the best in others in any situation, rather than their worst. By mastering these eight essential people skills you dramatically increase your chances of achieving the best outcomes out of your interactions and business challenges.

People Skills: Eight Essential People Skills
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When you match consumer psychology with effective communication styles you get a powerful combination. Lee Hopkins can show you how to communicate better for better business results. At Hopkins-Business-Communication-Training.com you can find the secrets to communication success.

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Saturday, January 26, 2013

Help For Perpetrators of Domestic Violence

Very many people assume that it is only the victims of domestic violence that need help. Little do we know that even the people who are responsible for the abuse usually have a will to change and become better persons. There are perpetrator programmes that are established to help abusers who are desperate to change. They are designed to change the violent behavior in men. It helps them to realize the value of non-abusive healthy relationships and if possible aspire to live better lives. You will agree with me that majority of perpetrators of domestic violence are male and so the programme operators are mostly male. The programmes are usually made of small groups of around 9-16 men who have a history of being violent.

They might also be in currently abusive relationship. They are men from all walks of life, classes, backgrounds, races and geographical locations. The small group involve activities which are usually run by a maximum of three group-workers with previous experiences. The discussions are motivational, inspiration and educational. The group tackles all the subjects concerning violence and abuse. They define them, understand the perpetrators behavior, and most importantly they learn that they can control and choose not to be violent. They are taught to take responsibility for their violent behavior by avoiding to blame others. Perpetrators of domestic violence join the group because they are ready to change. They are made to understand the effect of their violence and how to notice when they are about to become violent and learn how to stop.

If you are among the perpetrators of domestic violence, you might be having a problem of resolving conflicts in a relationship. In the small group you will learn many non-abusive approaches of dealing with relationship problems. If you are always provoked by your partner's anger, you can help your partner to manage anger in a better non-abusive way. The help groups have a way of helping you to build respective relationships where you can negotiate and listen to your partner without getting hurt or worked up. You will never regret joining the interactive discussion groups as they offer realistic, stimulating and relevant advice. They look into every man's situation to make sure every single person benefits. In the meetings there are check-in moments to report any continued cases of abuse after the last meeting.

Help For Perpetrators of Domestic Violence

The changing programme of perpetrators may last long or shorter depending on the amount of change involved in the one's behavior. Change is a process and it does not happen overnight. A person who is to fully benefit from the programme should attend at least 2-3 hours a day for approximately 24 weeks. In other words a dedicated abusive person who is willing to change should attend 75 sessions without fail. According to testimonies from fully changed perpetrators of domestic violence, these programmes work miracles. You can join the one near you. Sadly, it is not all places which have perpetrator programmes. You can visit the domestic violence associations for more details.

Help For Perpetrators of Domestic Violence
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Wednesday, January 23, 2013

Reasons For Domestic Violence Seldom Understood

A few weeks ago my community paper published a letter to the editor which asked the question, "When will society stop domestic violence?"

The answer to the question is surprisingly simple, but difficult for people to accept, because domestic violence is ensconced in the deepest fiber of many families--religion. Many religions teach that 'spare the rod, you spoil the child' or that the Bible, specifically the book of Proverbs, commands spanking.

There is a distinction, however, which is of key interest to fundamentalists, between the practice in King Solomon's day of beating people on the back for discipline. The latter is not prescribed for children anywhere in the Bible.

Reasons For Domestic Violence Seldom Understood

Furthermore, it needs to be pointed out that the Old Testament contains passages that could be (and in some incidents have been) construed as divine endorsements of wife-beating, racial warfare, slavery, the stoning to death of rebellious children and other behaviors that are outrageous by today's standards.

If our laws no longer allow these Biblical commands with regard to adults, why then do we hit children, a.k.a. chastening to supposedly correct unacceptable behavior?

The answer is not complicated. We cannot conceive this Biblical and society-sanctioned form of child discipline as abuse until we can honestly acknowledge the mistreatment from our own childhood experiences and examine the shortcomings of our own parents.

As long as we believe, "I was hit and I turned out OK," the practice of violence through spanking will continue to be perpetuated in the home with the blessing of religion and a blind eye from society--unless of course the 'spanking' goes too far and the child is bloodied and bruised.

One fundamental commonality among all men and women in prison is the fact they were all spanked. If spanking created compliance to rules of society, then why is this the only commonality among people who are on the wrong side of the law?

Our laws and our cultural values are unambiguous concerning adults who hit, attack or verbally threaten other adults. Such behavior is recognized as criminal and we hold the perpetrator accountable.

Why then when so much is at stake for society, do we accept and promote physical assault against children? Then we wonder why there is domestic violence. Adults tend to repeat what they experienced more often than not. The old saying, 'The acorn doesn't fall far from the tree' makes this point. The child accepts the message, "If I don't like something someones says or does, hitting is the acceptable response."

As a physical and sexual abuse prevention specialist, I have heard a plethora of rationales why spanking is the only form of discipline some children seem to need in order to get the message. All these rationales are biologically faulty, because when a child is hit, his/her brain goes into shock and when the brain is in shock it no longer can assimilate information. Thus, the message the parent intends to convey is lost. Furthermore, hitting is a betrayal of trust and engenders anger/rage not compliance.

Think about it, if spanking is the magic solution for correcting aberrant behavior, then why doesn't one spanking solve the problem? Why does the child continue to repeat the same unacceptable behavior over and over?

Again the answer is simple--spanking doesn't work and children repeat any behavior--acceptable or unacceptable because they are in a learning process and they learn by repetition.

Consistent consequences such as: time out, grounding, withholding something of significance, extra chores teaches critical thinking, problem solving, relationship building and understanding how they are the creator of the consequence.

Whereas hitting/spanking because it is usually administered when the parent is at their 'wits end' or the parent(s) is/are in a bad mood about something which sometimes has no relationship to what the child did creates distrust. How can a child continue to trust a parent, who has betrayed them? Children trust their parent implicitly, but once that trust has been betrayed it is seldom regained, because there is no way to achieve reconciliation with a parent/person who doesn't acknowledge their unacceptable behavior.

When will society stop domestic violence? The simple answer is: When society stops sanctioning and promoting hitting or spanking children at home or in school. Twenty-two states allow corporal punishment with a wooden paddle in schools. Is your state one of the twenty-two? Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Wyoming allow paddling children with a wooden paddle in schools.

The real question is "When will you stop sanctioning and promoting hitting/spanking of children in your community, your school, your state?" As Voltaire pointed out long ago: "We are not only responsible for what we do, but also for that what we don't do." If you aren't part of the solution, you are part of the problem. Take action to educate yourself and others about this insidious crime against children.

1. "Punished for life: Canadian study links spanking to addiction and psychiatric disorders,"

2. Harriet McMillan, et al., "Slapping and spanking in childhood and its association with lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a general population sample," Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1999-OCT-5.

3. Jane Gadd, "Spanked children suffer intellectually," The Globe and Mail, Toronto ON, 1998-JUL-30

4. M.A. Straus, Corporal punishment of children and adult depression and suicidal ideation," Chapter 5 of: "Beating the devil out of them: Corporal punishment in American families and its effects on children."

5. P. Greven, "Spare the child: The religious roots of physical punishment and the psychological impact of physical abuse," Knopf, (1991)

6. Irvin Wolkoff, "Spanked child can become self-loathing adult," The Toronto Star, 1999-NOV-26, Page F4.

7. E. Larzelere, "A review of the outcomes of parental use of non-abusive or customary physical punishment," Pediatrics 98:824-831

8. Patricia McBroom, "UC Berkeley study finds no lasting harm among adolescents from moderate spanking earlier in childhood,"

9. Maggie Fox, "Why some boys go bad: Gene study may show why abused turn violent," Reuters News Agency, 2002-AUG-1.

10.Michael A. Milburn & Sheree D. Conrad, "The Politics of Denial," MIT Press, (1996). Read reviews or order this book safely from Amazon.com online book store

11. Andrew Grogan-Kaylor, "The effect of corporal punishment on antisocial behavior in children," Social Work Research, Vol. 28, # 3, 2004-SEP, Pages 153-162.

12. "U-M study: Spanking can lead to more bad behavior by children," University of Michigan News Service, 2004-SEP-08.

13. Sean Fine, "Study links spanking to future alcohol abuse," The Globe and Mail, Toronto, 1999-OCT-5, Pages A1 & A13

Reasons For Domestic Violence Seldom Understood
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Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD, author, "If I'd Only Known...Sexual Abuse in or Out of the Family: A Guide to Prevention. Dr. Neddermeyer is noted for her pioneering work in verbal, physical, sexual abuse prevention and recovery. [http://www.gen-assist.com/store.html]

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Monday, January 21, 2013

Mafia in the 1920's

The origins of the mafia phenomenon dating back to the Middle Ages, when Sicily was under foreign domination and obedience wealthy families obtained through formal social control of land. The Mafia, organizationally, did not have a hierarchy, but was composed of autonomous groups who called themselves "men of honor." In those years, the landed aristocracy allied with social leaders and created a conservative power structure and stable, a strategy that allowed it to retain its dominance in Sicily thereafter.

Guided by a code of conduct called Omerta, the Mafia has quickly become an organization completely outside the law. The mob forced the code to be against justice, and also avoid any contact with her.In the early twentieth century, some members of this organization migrated to North America, specifically to the United States, thus spreading internationally clandestine criminal organizations.

Over time, the U.S. became the center of all crimes of the Mafia, since this country was restricting gambling and alcohol, which led to a large smuggling.The history of the Mafia has served to understand the source, structure, functioning and control mechanisms of criminal organizations, which has been a useful tool to study how they operate smugglers, murderers and drug cartels in the world more dangerous.

Mafia in the 1920's

From 1920 began the golden age for international gangsters. Sicilian criminals soon found followers worldwide, prompting the organization of organized crime groups in China, Russia, Cuba and the United States. The latter country was the favorite of these criminals, because it could easily be corrupted, to perform any illegal act at the time.

Here are the most renowned gangsters:

Al Capone (1899-1947).

He is also known as Scarface. It was the most important representation as to the history of the Mafia is concerned. It was noted for having the dirtiest business in the city of Chicago and for hosting the worst wars between the gangs of mobsters. By 1925, Al Capone became the owner of the Chicago underworld and his fortune amounted to one hundred million dollars. He was persecuted by the law for years, but his ability to corrupt evaded any justice.
Without clutch, after many years of persecution, Al Capone was caught for tax evasion and sentenced to eleven years in prison. He was transferred to Alcatraz federal prison and was granted after eight years parole.

Johnny Torrio (1882-1957).

Famous for his illegal business conduct in a violent manner, this criminal was a mentor to Al Capone and a leader within the hierarchy of the gangster. In 1924 he had been shot while fighting another band.

Dutch Schultz (1902-1935).

It was called the Beer Capo, for conducting all negotiations of this drink smuggled into New York City. He was killed by the justice of this city for being a threat to the district attorneys.

Mafia in the 1920's
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